Chips › Processors › Intel x86 family › Intel 8086
Intel 8086
1978
Intel's 1978 16-bit processor that founded the x86 architecture underpinning the IBM PC line.
Emulators
| Emulator | Type | License | Site |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8086tiny | downloadable | MIT | |
| 86Box | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| Anex86 | downloadable | Freeware | |
| Bochs | downloadable | LGPL-2.1 | |
| DOSBox | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| DOSBox-X | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| DOSEMU2 | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| Fake86 | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| NP2kai | both | BSD-3-Clause | Website ↗ |
| Neko Project 21/W | downloadable | BSD-3-Clause | |
| Neko Project II | downloadable | BSD-3-Clause | |
| PCem | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| Psion Series 3 | online | MIT | |
| Psion Series 3a | online | MIT | |
| Psion Series 3c | online | MIT | |
| Psion Series 3mx | online | MIT | |
| QEMU | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| T98-Next | downloadable | Freeware | |
| XTulator | downloadable | GPL-2.0 | |
| js-dos | online | GPL-2.0 | Website ↗ |
| neetan | downloadable | MIT | |
| v86 | online | BSD-2-Clause | Website ↗ |
Machines
Operating systems
Reference & documentation
External technical references for programming Intel 8086 and for writing emulators.
| Resource | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Intel 80C86 Data Sheet ↗ | Datasheet | 8086-family datasheet: pinout, AC timing, modes |
| Undocumented 8086 Opcodes (OS/2 Museum) ↗ | Instruction set | Deep dive into undocumented and illegal opcodes |
| Undocumented 8086 Instructions via Microcode ↗ | Instruction set | Undocumented opcodes explained by the microcode |
| 8086 Pin Diagram and Signal Descriptions ↗ | Pinout | 40-pin diagram with per-pin signal descriptions |
| The 8086 Family User's Manual (Oct 1979) ↗ | Programming | Intel's canonical architecture and assembly manual |
| Intel 8086 (Wikipedia) ↗ | Reference | Registers, segmentation, pinout, variants overview |
| A Look at the Die of the 8086 ↗ | Schematic | Die-level reverse engineering: datapath, ALU, ROM |
| ProcessorTests JSON Suite ↗ | Source | Language-agnostic JSON tests with full bus activity |
| SingleStepTests/8086 CPU Test Suite ↗ | Test suite | Hardware-generated cycle-accurate 8086 conformance tests |
| SingleStepTests/8088 CPU Test Suite ↗ | Test suite | 10,000 hardware-captured tests per opcode |